Arabic Numerals 0-9 - History, Symbols & Eastern vs Western Numbers
What Are Arabic Numerals?
Arabic numerals are the ten digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) used worldwide for writing numbers. Originally developed in India, these numerals were transmitted to Europe through Arabic scholars, hence the name "Arabic numerals."
Eastern vs Western Arabic Numerals
There are two main forms of Arabic numerals used today:
Western Arabic Numerals (Used Globally)
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - These are the numerals used in most of the world, including Europe, the Americas, and many parts of Asia.
Eastern Arabic Numerals (Used in Arab Countries)
٠, ١, ٢, ٣, ٤, ٥, ٦, ٧, ٨, ٩ - These are used in Arabic-speaking countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
Arabic Numerals Chart
| Western | Eastern Arabic | Name |
|---|
| 0 | ٠ | Sifr (Zero) |
| 1 | ١ | Wahid (One) |
| 2 | ٢ | Ithnan (Two) |
| 3 | ٣ | Thalatha (Three) |
| 4 | ٤ | Arba'a (Four) |
| 5 | ٥ | Khamsa (Five) |
| 6 | ٦ | Sitta (Six) |
| 7 | ٧ | Sab'a (Seven) |
| 8 | ٨ | Thamaniya (Eight) |
| 9 | ٩ | Tis'a (Nine) |
History of Arabic Numerals
The numeral system originated in India around the 6th century. Arab mathematicians, including Al-Khwarizmi, adopted and spread these numerals throughout the Islamic world. European scholars learned the system from Arabic texts, leading to worldwide adoption by the 15th century.
The Concept of Zero
One of the most significant contributions was the concept of zero (Arabic: صفر, sifr). This revolutionary idea, originating in India and transmitted through Arabic scholars, became fundamental to modern mathematics.
Arabic Numerals in Calligraphy
Explore beautiful representations of Arabic numerals in 21 premium calligraphy fonts including traditional Thuluth, Naskh, Kufi, and modern styles.
Free Arabic Numerals Guide - Eastern & Western Numbers - 21 Premium Fonts - Instant Download